Zeroing
- Engelhardt
- 23. June 2018
- 15:54
This article deals with the zeroing in the biathlon or for the biathlon shooting. The reason for dealing with this topic is that I have recognized potential for optimization in biathlon shooting and in the training necessary for it, both in the context of my voluntary work at the Lower Saxony Biathlon Training Center, in Clausthal-Zellerfeld, and in the context of the DSV biathlon trainer training.
The zeroing forms an essential basis for successful training as well as successful competition in biathlon and is therefore a particularly important performance component in the performance structure.
Principles
Biathlon rifle zeroing is the process of setting up (adjusting) the sighting device to the side and height so that at the specified distance of 50 m the aiming point coincides with the point of impact.
Only deviations between the line of sight and the point of impact can be compensated by zeroing. Other deviations caused by the weapon or the shooter, which e.g. lead to the fact that the hit pattern does not correspond to the requirements, can be compensated by the zeroing. not be eliminated.
The aim of zeroing in preparation for both training and competition is to balance the local conditions at the shooting range and the current weather conditions (at the time of zeroing). The aim is that the middle hitting point of impact (MHP) of the training or competition shots is in the center of the targets.
Execution
Zeroing will take place with the following procedure in the prone position.
- Shooting a hit pattern (1st hit pattern) and determining the MHP and its Deviation in the side as well as making the necessary corrections in the side.
- Shoot another hit pattern (2nd hit pattern) and determine the MHP and its Deviation in height as well as implementation of the necessary corrections in the height.
- Shooting another hit pattern (3rd hit pattern) to the Verification. This hit pattern should be in the center of the target with its MHP.
The following basic principles must be observed.
- It will at first the deviation in the Side and after that the deviation in the Height
Never side and height at the same time, otherwise it cannot be traced which measure had which effect. This is due to the complex relationships between external ballistics, the difference in height between the line of sight and the barrel, as well as the possible (deliberate) canting of the gun and the effects of external conditions.
Furthermore, taking into account the fact that a bullet stabilized with a right-hand twist tends to "rise" in wind from the right and to "fall" in wind from the opposite direction, an adjustment "left" also has an effect "low" and an adjustment "right" also has an effect "high".
2. the shooter should maintain his shooting position as far as possible during firing in order to avoid deviations from hit pattern to hit pattern due to the disintegration and readjustment of the shooting position. The zeroing is not to train the repeatability of the shooting position.
This can and should be deviated from in training for methodological reasons.
3. there will be all performed corrections by shooting a complete hit pattern checks. This means none performed correction remains without practical verification by the live round.
This principle should only be deviated from in the absolute Emergency (e.g. extreme limited time when shooting on) can be deviated from.
4. as complete hit pattern for determining an MHP range 3 Shot off. For reasons of time saving, especially when zeroing before competitions, zeroing should also be trained in this way.
5. it will always Strictly by calculation corrects the position of the MHP with the sight setting.
An example calculation: The ring width of one ring on the normally used paper target is overcome with 3 clicks (where 1 click = 3 mm, for the most commonly used sight), since the ring is 8 mm wide. The 10 has a diameter of 12 mm. Thus the 10 has a "ring width" of only 6 mm. If, for example, the MHP lies horizontally to the right of the center of the target, at the edge of the 8 ring, the calculation follows:
2 x 8 mm (8 and 9 ring) + 6 mm (1/2 x 10 ring) = 22 mm ==> 7 clicks at right (since 22/3=7.3) to theoretically move the MHP to the center of the target.
6 The assessment of the MHP is based on empirical values in such a way that often too large adjustment values follow from the subsequent calculation. From this it can be deduced that decimal values in the calculation result should always be rounded down.
7. adjustment values of less than 2 click have practically none effect, since here not even the bullet diameter is overcome and this adjustment of the point of impact is lost in both the weapon and shooter scatter. If in doubt about the position of the MHP, it is better to verify again with the same settings.
Miscellaneous
The distribution of all hits, both by height and width on a vertical surface and by length and width on a horizontal surface, gives a so called hit pattern.
From these hit patterns a middle hitting point (MHP)which is decisive for the evaluation of the hits. The middle hitting point is the point that is located in the center of an uneven number of hits. If you draw a vertical and a horizontal line through the hit pattern in such a way that the same number of hits lie to the right and left and above and below these two lines, their point of intersection forms the middle hit point. The figure shows the determination of the mean hit point for hit images with three and five shots.
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